Parameter

3.3.4 on-ground services

On-ground services are airport and airfield operations, including taxiing, refueling, baggage handling, and maintenance support, that occur while the aircraft is parked. Decarbonizing these services is vital for reducing local emissions and noise, requiring a transition to fully electric and automated ground equipment. Challenges in developing these services lie in the massive capital investment required to rebuild legacy airport utility grids and fuel storage infrastructures.

Hierarchy

3 product service systems
3.1 aircraft product systems
3.2 development supporting services
3.3 flight supporting service systems
3.3.1 data transfer services
3.3.2 MRO
3.3.3 on-board services
3.3.4 on-ground services
3.3.4.1 taxi services
3.3.4.2 battery pack replacement service
3.3.4.3 leading edge contamination cleaning
3.3.4.4 ground service management
3.3.4.5 payload bundling
3.3.4.6 electric ground power services
3.3.4.7 aircraft launch systems
3.3.4.8 hydrogen boil-off reuse
3.3.4.9 emergency hydrogen supply vehicle
3.3.4.10 carbon capture service
3.3.4.11 SAF supply service
3.3.4.12 hydrogen supply service
3.3.4.13 electricity supply service
3.3.4.14 airport energy hub
3.3.4.15 emergency response service
3.3.4.16 multi-energy carrier compatible gates
3.3.4.17 automated refueling systems
3.3.5 routing services

Scenario relevance

Number of parameter occurrence per scenario.

Input
Output
1
3
Optimising together
N/A
Stripping down
N/A
Tech for you
N/A
Mad max

Milestone Timehorizon

PESTEL categories

Current

Short term

Medium term

Long term

Governance & Operations

A unified global regulatory, legal, and data framework for the net-zero transition and seamless air travel.

2
Binding Global Mandate
1
Common Data Standards
2
Innovation Sandboxes
3
Collaborative Governance Blueprint
1
Ratifying The Treaty
2
Demonstrating Unified ATM
1
Establishing The Enforcer
1
Mutual Certification
2
Implementing Unified ATM
1
Collaborative Mandate Management
1
Multi-Modal Integration
2
Adaptive Governance

Environment & Economy

A self-sustaining, circular aviation market supported by established economic and industrial models.

2
Common Emissions Standard
3
Secure Initial Funding
1
Validate Scaling Paths
2
Mandate Circular Design
2
Deploy Hub Infrastructure
1
Operationalize Incentives
1
Launch Circular Supply Chains
1
Internalize Emission Costs
5
Complete Fleet Renewal
1
Secure Energy Supply
2
Achieve Full Circularity
2
Confirm Economic Viability

Technology & R&D

A fully developed, certified, and deployed ecosystem of net-zero technologies, from new propulsion to full autonomy.

3
Ground-Test Propulsion
1
Digital Twin Architecture
1
Validate Foundational AI
2
Pilot Efficiency Concepts
1
Flight-Prove Propulsion
1
Deploy Gen 1.0 Digital Twin
2
Certify Reduced Crew
3
Certify All Aircraft
1
Implement Autonomous Cargo
1
Implement Autonomous ATM
2
Optimize With Digital Twin
2
Launch Gen 2.0 R&D

Society & Human Capital

A fair, equitable, and human-centric transition that ensures public trust and a fully integrated future workforce.

0
Analyze Skills Gap
0
Build Social License
0
Ratify Just Transition
2
Launch Reskilling Programs
0
Define Equity Standards
2
Demonstrate Just Transition
1
Ensure Remote Access
1
Build Trust In Autonomy
1
Permanent Transition Monitoring
2
Verify Universal Access
2
Achieve Full Public Trust
1
Integrate New Workforce

Little to many relations with other Milestones